SECOND PROJECT MEETING

 

 

 

ROME 23rd – 27th OCTOBER

 

The group meets on Sunday evening for a dinner.

 

 

 

Monday 23rd

Simonetta Salacone, headmistress at Iqbal Masih school, welcomes the group.

The teachers from Slovakia, Czech Republic, Lithuania, Belgium and Italy meet all together for the first time.

 Nasa skola ( Slovakia) : Daniela Kubalakova and Magdalena Kubalova

L.P. Boon  ( Belgium) : Martine Coppens ( headmistress) and Cindy Braem

Iqbal Masih ( Italy) : Simonetta Parenti and Paola Arduini

Základní  škola  Zlín ( Czech Republic): Vladimira Zakrevská and Alena Červenková

Kauno Stasio Lozoraičio Vidurinė Mokykla ( Lithuania): Gaiva Janusauskiene, Angele Baneniene, Jurate Ivanauskiene, Vida Sinkuviene

 

Teachers from each country present their educational system and their school. Pictures, leaflets, brochures are given around and shared among participants.

The group discusses the agenda of the week and some changes are approved.

The Italian teachers present the topics that will be discussed during the seminars:

 

 

  • New methodology: CLIL and Story telling
  • National language as a second language.

 

The group shortly discusses about

  • Number of pupils in language classes
  • Integration of disabilities
  • Numbers and percentage of immigrants in each school, particularly children who arrive in the school not speaking the national language
    • 10% in Iqbal Masih
    • 30 % in L.P. Boom
    • Some in Czech school ( from Vietnam ; Mongolia and Ukraina)

 

  • Gypsy children in the school with attention to children whose mother tongue is Romanes
    • 36 in Iqbal Masih
    • 7 in Lithuanian school

 

  • Bilingual attitude and its relation with learning second and third language
  • New teaching - learning methods:
    • Story telling : ideas about planning the same activity in all the schools with some concrete products like a power point presentation
    • Hocus Lotus and the narrative format.

 

Then the group examines the structure of the web site

In a short brainstorming some ideas are shared:

 

 

 

 

We can prepare and share among the schools a questionnaire for children about foreign language lessons asking their opinion. The results will be published on the web site

 

We can also publish children works on the web: drawings, videos, stories and amusing things like jokes that are similar in all the countries; also pictures from each school

 

At 1.30 the group has lunch in the school canteen; the headmistress of Iqbal Masih  joins the group and explains how the school canteens are organized in Rome.

 

After lunch the teachers have a coffee break in the garden. Then they can visit all the school facilities and the labs.

 

In the second part of the day teachers meet and discuss some other ideas about activities  organization during this school year:

  • Planning pupils pen pals

 

  • Finding songs with the words bell in it, like Jingle bells . The song “Are you sleeping  is definitely   adopted as the official hymn of the project.

 

Tuesday  24th

 

The teachers meet in the school with Donatella Fitzgerald, teachers trainer for Oxford University Press Italy.

First of all teachers share in a short discussion the situation of the classes of English in the different countries: numbers of hours, number of pupils in each class, age of beginning. The average number of pupils in each class is around 15 in all the schools, except than in Italy where the classes are more crowded.

The seminar is about new methods in teaching learning foreign languages, English in this case. The focus is on CLIL and Story telling

         CLIL  is an acronym for Content and Language Integrated Learning.

         Many primary schools across Europe are introducing this form of subject teaching: pupils learn a subject through the medium of a foreign language.

         At the same time as learning English, the children are learning some science, history mathematics, art etc.

         Therefore CLIL activities develop oral communication skills in meaningful, motivating and real social situations.

         The primary curriculum offers many interesting entry points for CLIL style activities.

         Because of the wide range of topics and the specific subject language for each, CLIL exposes children to a wider variety of lexical items than a traditional teaching approach.

Donatella Fitzgerald illustrates some activities that can be carried on using the books “Treetops” by Oxford University Press.

It’s not possible to have a whole lesson in English in the first grades of Primary.

Anyway, CLIL helps the younger children exposing them to a wider variety of lexical items than traditional approach.

 

Storytelling and CLIL are connected in some ways. They both give children more language exposure.

The children always have a silent period in which they just listen to the language. In this period they absorb language like sponges. Telling them stories, teachers can also use more English words and expressions.

Some suggestions about story telling activity:

  • The teachers should not worry too much about making mistakes, because children don’t notice it.
  • Use pictures while telling stories
  • Use always numbered pictures; numbers can help to understand the sequence, especially for slow learners .
  • Use black and white cards to help the children to repeat the stories.

 

After this, the Bell group watches a video : The town mouse and Country mouse, where the story is presented by cartoons and there are subtitles.

 

All the materials presented seems very interesting for the teachers.

After this presentation, the teachers organize groups to plan lessons for Primary classes. The topic will be Halloween, introducing new words and a short poem.

After lunch, the teachers in small group organize their lessons in different classes.

At 3 p.m. they meet in the teachers hall to compare the activity results.

 

Wednesday 25th

Morning: guided visit to the Trajan Forum and Market.

The teachers meet at the Iqbal Masih building on via Balzani, to listen to an exhibition of the multicultural  chorus of the school “SE.. STA VOCE”

After the chorus the teachers can enjoy a dinner prepared by the parents of chorus children. There are typical dishes of the different countries of the choir members: China, Slovakia, Italy, Pakistan, Rumania, U.S.A., Brazil and Roma people.

 

Thursday 26th

Meeting at school; some teachers of the group meet  a teacher in a first  class. Luca Vitali,   who presents video and IT materials for learning/teaching English and resources that  can be downloaded from Internet for free.

 

Meeting with Professor Marco Brazzoduro, professor of Sociology at Rome University La Sapienza

The teachers introduce their schools and their special projects to the Professor.

To this meeting takes part also Monica Cordova, social operator of the Association Capodarco and two students of the faculty of Psychology who are doing their training in the school.

 

Czech Republic Pupils from Mongolia, Vietnam and Ukraine

 

Belgium: from Turkey, Marocco, Ukraine, 30% foreign pupils

 

Lithuania: 3 Russians and 7 Roma

 

Brazzoduro: integration in Italian school: in Italy big increase of immigration in last years, very fast and society is not ready to this.

Until the 70s Italy was a country of emigration, then the trend inversed and we became a country of immigration. The society has problems of integration, correct immigration policy. The law  aimed to integrate and secondly to reduce the number of immigrated people, with a fixed number established yearly. 3 millions of legal immigrants and an equal number of illegal.

The illegal usually live in a very poor condition.

Last year there were 90000 allowed to come this year 137000.  The situation is very complicated .

Illegal immigrants should be expelled, but it’s quite impossible.

In gypsy camps 80% of people are illegal, but they are expelled not systematically.

Lots of well done documents of intents by the Education Bodies but it’s difficult to apply them in the every day school activity.

This is a moved forward school, but the majority of schools are closed to these new issues and needs. The teachers are not professionally prepared with the culture of reception. The teachers should have tools to integrate and interact with parents.

There’s a big road to do in front of us. Immigrants are less of 5% of population, very few comparing with Germany or France.

In this school

37 foreign children , 47 Rom coming from  an industrial city Kra…They are Rudari, they moved to Serbia from Romania. Most of them were born in Italy but they haven’t got permission of staying or citizenship.

By the law there are 2 ways of obtaining  citizenship: ius sanguinis or ius soli. The first is related with origin of parents, it can lasts for generations and the other is related to the place where a person was born.

 

He illustrates the situation of a camp nearby the school : a horrible situation. The people there come from Serbia, Montenegro, Macedonia. Problems of conflicts among the different communities.

 

In this school  6 years ago he began a project devoted to study and promoting the integration of Roma children : their culture is very different and it causes lots of problems. Why for example they can’t read after 5 years of primary school? The school feels this problem very deeply.

 

How to act to cope with this problem?

There are meetings with the teachers focused on reporting the observation of Rom children in

Social integration among other children and with adults

School integration is aimed to find  different approaches in teaching  them. He works also introducing to the teachers elements of gypsy culture and building a bridge between school and camps. The parents are very happy when teachers go to the camp , when a gagč institution go there for a visit.

The problem in gypsy culture is not belonging to their culture, but  it’s that of a foreign school that gives to the children different values. Only a minority of them feels that going to school is useful for them. Majority of them is illiterate, the culture is oral.

The main goal is to show that the school is useful. For example gypsy parents don’t ask anything about school when children are back from school. The children are not prized or punished for their school marks.

The city hall has got a project to scholarize the children; coaches go to the camps in the morning to bring them to school.

Different communities in gypsy people: Italian gypsies .

The Roman gypsy are increasing; many Roma people  came during the Balcan war, belonging to Serbia : khorakanč ( muslims), Croatia ( catholic)

What kind of jobs they do? Some are legal: they go around and clean the cellars or they go looking in the bins to find objects to sell.

Problems in the school: children forget what they have learnt and they don’t attend regularly the lessons.

Adults in Roma communities  have got problems with illiteracy facing their daily problems, for example with official documents,

The parents have the evidence how much is important to learn to read but they don’t send children to school. They have to cope with lots of problems with documents.

Can their condition improve?

One mean is television because they are learning Italian through Italian TV.

Problems in finding a regular job. Linked to this in Rome the criminal organizations work actively in the camps to find “workers” for their illegal activities.

 

Prejudices against gypsies are very strong; but the school project in Iqbal Masih is going on, aimed to integrate children

Simonetta: should the gypsy children attend English classes or work more in Italian?

The gypsy children are talented in languages because of their bilingual attitudes and they use to travel around Europe, but their ability is limited to oral competences.

In general the lexis is often poor in all the languages they speak, problems with abstract concepts.

They can learn English without passing through Italian

Dana: In Slovakia there are many Roma communities. Problems of unemployment, but they get helps from Slovak state to Gypsy integration. The Government improve school attendance giving money and ticket to buy food or clothes  to families that send children to school. It starts to work.

It could be a  good idea in Italy too.

In Slovakia Gypsy people is more integrated than in Italy; may be because they receive helps and money.

 

After a short break, two students of Rome University Sara Lucatelli and Beatrice Cimini, who are now completing their training in the school, present their researches on non - mother tongue children learning Italian.
Sara Lucatelli speaks about

 

BILINGUISM AND INTERLINGUA

 

Excerpt from dissertation work

 

The definitions.

In the  30’S and 50’S it was thought that whoever speaks two languages in a native way was bilingual. This kind of person is really rare. After it was thought that bilingual is someone who can  speak easily two languages. In this area there are so many situations starting from the perfect bilingualism, spoken by someone native in both communities, to the passive bilingualism, which is someone who can understand perfectly both languages, but he speaks just one. The dominant language is the one that the subject speaks in the most natural and easy way. We can say individual bilingualism when it’s independent from the society that surrounds the subject, and we can say social bilingualism when a certain community use two languages. The simultaneous bilingual is someone who learns two or more languages from the birth. The consecutive bilingual is someone who at the beginning learns one language and later he learns another one. The limit is around 3 years old, as a rule the child starts to gain the first competences of one language. Coordinate bilingual is someone who learned both languages from the birth and he keeps them separated in his mind (book and libro, which is a book in Italian, are two different concepts relating to two different experiences). The composite bilingual is someone who learned the second language later and he understands the words using the same meaning of the word from his mother tongue.

Parents and teachers should encourage the child to speak both languages. So many studies made in Europe showed that keeping the mother tongue and utilizing it at school it promoters the learning of the second language. An immigrate child won’t learn better the second language if he will not speak his mother tongue. The mother tongue, it’s not the language spoken by his mother, but it is the language spoken in the society where the child has grown since at that moment. Foreign languages are learned because of a cultural or professional interest, and they are not normally daily used. Second languages are learned later, and they live together with the first language, they have to be used for all their functions and they can permit the identification with the community who surrounds the subject. The interlanguage is a variety of language spoken by the person in a certain period. When the subject is about to learn another language, his knowledge  will be partially influenced by the mother tongue and the other languages learned before. The language system used by this kind of subject is the interlanguage. The interlanguage can be showed in each levels of learning the L2.

 

The Plurilingualism

The context where the Roma people live is rich and various, composed of the first language which is the heritage who gives an identification, related to the affects, to the daily life, to the education of concepts and values This language is the Romany for most of Roma people. It is also composed of some linguistic competences of other variety of Romany or other languages related to the communication with other Roma, or the language of the gagč ( the non – Roma people)  for the communication with the major community, his own level of knowledge depends on the school grade or the local speech.

Jules Ronjat, a French linguist, was the first to study the simultaneous learning: he taught his son Louis two languages: French and German. He found out that to relate each language to one different person helps his son to learn both languages. Another really important study is the one of Tabouret-Keller which is about of a little girl named Eve, she is bilingual in a bilingual community: Alsatian and French (even the Roma are bilingual in a bilingual community). Tabouret-Keller said that Eve understood that she was speaking two different languages later than the other bilingual kids. Probably it’s because of the Eve’s different linguistic context, where the two languages were not so different or related to two different persons. There are three different way to teach simultaneously two languages: one person/one language (for example, the mother speaks one language and the father speaks the other one), one situation/one language (for example with the mother the child speaks one language and when he is with other people he speaks another one), one time/one language (in the morning one language, in the afternoon another one). Usually the child learns the two languages even without a certain method, but, as it showed the study of Tabouret-Keller, to relate one language to a situation it helps the child to learn.

 

The research

The purpose of the research was to analyse the language of Romany  community’s kids, who come in this school, and to see how the mother tongue and the Roman dialect influence their Italian interlanguage. At first I analysed the different mistakes that they made. Mistakes are the different way of interlanguage used by the bilingual kids when they try to speak a correct Italian. Later I try to explain the reason why they usually used this mistakes. It’s not just because of the grammar rules of the mother tongue but it’s also because of the education and the linguistic rules given by their families. Also I wanted to see that learning the languages was possible even without a relation with a different situation. The most spoken language in their family is the Rumanian. But in the truth there is not a distinction between the situation when they speak one language or the other one, because sometimes they used to speak Italian even between them. Anyway we can say that the Rumanian is the most spoken language where they live and Italian is the most one outside their camp. In this research I recorded the kids talking about the images in some books, after I analysed their language and I separated the different mistakes that they made. With the outcomes of this research I try to see how the Rumanian and the Roman dialect influence the Italian interlanguage of the kids.  Phonological mistakes are more than half of the mistakes. Grammatical mistakes are less than the other one. The reason of grammar mistakes is probably because they extend the grammar of the Rumanian language to the Italian one, that is similar.

The twenty two percent of the mistakes are influenced by the Roman dialect. Even if the group that I interviewed is not statistically representative, the outcomes are that the girls are more influenced by the Rumanian language than the boys. The boys are more influenced by Roman dialect. Probably because of the different education: girls are more educated in a house life, boys are more free. The family’s education it’s an important item in the process of learning one language: it’s important to know how the family is open to the Italian culture and what languages they speak in their house. The situation of the bilingual Roma who live in their camp it is so different to the other bilingual immigrates who live in a monolingual society. The Roma kids are bilingual in a bilingual community which is inside a monolingual society. We have to consider that the kids that I interviewed were all born in Italy, so that means that the influence of the mother tongue to the learning of the second language is less than the other immigrates. But in the same time we have to consider that since the kids don’t go to school they hear a variety of Italian spoken by their parents influenced by the Rumanian language. Their interlanguage is not so good. They show difficulties about the first step of the interlanguage, it’s because of the none distinction between the two languages in two different situations. This kids are at the first step of interlanguage because they don’t use the article, conjunctions and auxiliaries.

 

 

The school should ever encourage the use of mother tongue

 

After Sara, Beatrice illustrates shortly the main methods of teaching foreign languages.

 

After teenage you can’t learn phonetic ability, so it’s better to start early to learn languages.

Then she analyses other factors related with successful learning :Motivation and Time

One hour per day should be the perfect

 

Better results when the sex of learners and teacher is different.

The group discusses about the “Format method” like Hocus Lotus method.

 

Question about parents : with bilingual parents what’s better to do?

Not be confused. It’s normal to confuse language at the beginning. The bilingual children start to speak later. The best is to divide the situations: for example : One person one language or one situation, one language, onetime one language.

The best is to keep both languages, more languages you know better you do. Bilingual people are usually more advanced and their minds are more open.

 

 

After the Seminar, the group have lunch in the school canteen and then, guided by Antonietta La Rocca, teacher of the school, goes to the Campidoglio for a tour in the square and in the museums.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Friday 27th

 

Evaluation of the week, planning of the year, organization, suggestion and attribution of the tasks are discussed. We all feel that our working week was productive and successful.